When it comes to choosing paint for your home or workplace, understanding the differences between natural paint and synthetic paints can help you make an informed decision. Both types of paint have their advantages and disadvantages, but the primary distinction lies in the ingredients used and their impact on the environment and indoor air quality. In this article, we will explore the key differences between the different types of natural and synthetic paints.

Ingredients of Natural Paint vs Synthetic Paint

Binders

  • Natural paint: Natural paints typically use plant-based binders, such as linseed oil, soya oil, or natural resins, which are derived from renewable resources and are biodegradable.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints often use petroleum-based binders like acrylic, vinyl, or alkyd resins. These binders are derived from non-renewable resources and are less eco-friendly than their natural counterparts.

Pigments

  • Natural paint: Natural paints utilise non-toxic pigments from various sources, such as minerals (e.g., ochre, sienna, and umber) or plants (e.g., indigo and madder). These pigments have a lower environmental impact compared to synthetic pigments.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints often contain chemically manufactured pigments, which can be more vibrant and long-lasting but may have a higher environmental impact and toxicity compared to natural pigments. 

Fillers

  • Natural paint: Fillers used in natural paints are typically derived from abundant, low-impact sources like chalk, clay, or talc.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints may use similar fillers as natural paints, but they can also contain synthetic fillers, which may have a higher environmental impact.

Solvents

  1. Natural paint: Natural paints often use water or plant-derived solvents, such as citrus or pine-based terpenes, which have a lower volatile organic compound (VOC) content, contributing to better indoor air quality.
  2. Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints commonly contain petrochemical-based solvents, which can release higher levels of VOCs, negatively impacting indoor air quality and posing potential health risks.

Environmental Impact and Indoor Air Quality of Natural Paint vs Synthetic Paint

Environmental impact

  • Natural paint: Natural paints generally have a lower environmental impact due to their renewable, biodegradable, and non-toxic ingredients. The manufacturing process for natural paints also tends to be less energy-intensive and produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints often have a higher environmental impact due to their reliance on non-renewable, petroleum-based ingredients and a more energy-intensive manufacturing process.

Indoor air quality:

  • Natural paint: Natural paints typically release fewer VOCs and have a lower odour, resulting in better indoor air quality. They are often preferred for individuals with allergies or sensitivities to chemicals.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints can release higher levels of VOCs, which can lead to poor indoor air quality and contribute to a range of health issues, such as headaches, nausea, or respiratory problems.

Performance and Durability Natural Paint vs Synthetic Paint

Performance of Natural Paint vs Synthetic Paint

  • Natural paint: Natural paints generally offer good breathability, allowing moisture to escape from the surface, which can help prevent issues like mould and mildew. However, they used to be less resistant to wear and tear compared to synthetic paints, but now they are pretty comparable.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints are known for their durability, resistance to wear and tear, and colour retention. They can provide a long-lasting finish but may be less breathable than natural paints.

Durability of Natural Paint vs Synthetic Paint

  • Natural paint: While natural paints can provide a durable finish, they may require more frequent maintenance and reapplication compared to synthetic paints. This is due to the fact that natural paints may be more sensitive to UV light, resulting in a potential for faster fading or degradation over time.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints are generally more resistant to UV light, moisture, and abrasion, which means they can maintain their appearance and performance for longer periods. However, their reduced breathability can contribute to issues like peeling, blistering, or mould growth, especially in areas with high humidity or moisture.

Cost of Natural Paint vs Synthetic Paint

  • Natural paint: Natural paints tend to be more expensive than synthetic paints, mainly due to the higher cost of sourcing sustainable, natural ingredients and the more complex manufacturing processes involved. However, for those prioritising environmental sustainability and indoor air quality, the investment may be worthwhile.
  • Synthetic paint: Synthetic paints are typically more affordable than natural paints, which can be an important factor for budget-conscious consumers. Despite their lower cost, it is essential to consider the potential long-term health and environmental impacts associated with their use.

The main differences between natural and synthetic paints lie in the ingredients, environmental impact, indoor air quality, performance, durability, and cost. Natural paints offer a more eco-friendly and healthier alternative, with better breathability and lower VOC emissions. However, they may require more maintenance and come at a higher cost compared to synthetic paints. Synthetic paints, on the other hand, provide a more affordable and durable option, but their use of non-renewable resources and higher VOC emissions can negatively impact the environment and indoor air quality.

When choosing between natural and synthetic paints, it is essential to consider factors such as personal health, environmental concerns, budget, and the specific requirements of your painting project. By carefully weighing these factors, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your values and needs. We have an article on different paint brands compared that might be of interest here.